What is meant by the term “grounded theory”?

(A) Theories should be tested by rigorous scientific experiments
(B) As a social researcher, it is important to keep your feet on the ground
(C) Theories should be grounded in political values and biases
(D) Theoretical ideas and concepts should emerge from the data

How would you print a bar chart that you have just produced in SPSS?

(A) In Output Viewer, click File, Print, select the bar chart and click OK
(B) In Variable Viewer, open bar chart, click File, Print, OK
(C) In Chart Editor, click Descriptive Statistics, Print, OK
(D) In Data Editor, open Graphs dialog box, click Save, OK

To generate a Spearman’s rho test, which set of instructions should you give SPSS?

(A) Analyze; Crosstabs; Descriptive Statistics; Spearman; OK
(B) Graphs; Frequencies; select variables; Spearman; OK
(C) Analyze; Compare Means; Anova table; First layer; Spearman; OK
(D) Analyze; Correlate; Bivariate; select variables; Spearman; OK

When cross-tabulating two variables, it is conventional to:

(A) Represent the independent variable in rows and the dependent variable in columns
(B) Assign both the dependent and independent variables to columns
(C) Represent the dependent variable in rows and the independent variable in columns
(D) Assign both the dependent and independent variables to rows

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